So what is a Study?
We cite the results of numerous studies on a variety of health topics but not everyone understands what trials entail.
Clinical trials are research studies in which people help doctors find ways to improve health and cancer care.
Each study is designed to answer scientific questions and/or to find better ways to prevent, diagnose, or treat a disease or illness.
A clinical trial is one of the final stages of a long and careful research process. In cancer patients, studies are done to find out whether promising approaches to cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are safe and effective.
There are a variety of different types of trials.
Treatment trials test new treatments
Prevention trials test new approaches, such as medicines, vitamins, minerals, or other supplements that doctors believe may lower the risk of a certain type of cancer.
Screening trials test the best way to find and diagnose a disease in its early stages
Quality of Life trials (also called Supportive Care trials) explore ways to improve comfort and quality of life for patients.
When studying drugs, there are typical phases that the research must go through before it can be submitted for FDA approval.
Phase I trials: These first studies in people evaluate how a new drug should be given (by mouth, injected into the blood, or injected into the muscle), how often, and what dose is safe. A phase I trial usually enrolls only a small number of patients, sometimes as few as a dozen.
Phase II trials: A phase II trial continues to test the safety of the drug, and begins to evaluate how well the new drug works. Phase II studies usually focus on a particular type of disease.
Phase III trials: These studies in patients test a new drug, a new combination of drugs, or a new surgical procedure in comparison to the current standard. A participant will usually be assigned to the standard group or the new group at random. Phase III trials often enroll large numbers of people and may be conducted at many doctors' offices, clinics, and cancer centers nationwide.
Double blinded studies mean that neither the patient nor the physician knows which treatment or drug the patient is receiving.
Valid studies use statistics to determine the confidence levels and any and all biases should be eliminated if possible.
There is no perfect study and it is rare that you find a published study that does not support the premise on which it was based.
Clinical trials are research studies in which people help doctors find ways to improve health and cancer care.
Each study is designed to answer scientific questions and/or to find better ways to prevent, diagnose, or treat a disease or illness.
A clinical trial is one of the final stages of a long and careful research process. In cancer patients, studies are done to find out whether promising approaches to cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are safe and effective.
There are a variety of different types of trials.
Treatment trials test new treatments
Prevention trials test new approaches, such as medicines, vitamins, minerals, or other supplements that doctors believe may lower the risk of a certain type of cancer.
Screening trials test the best way to find and diagnose a disease in its early stages
Quality of Life trials (also called Supportive Care trials) explore ways to improve comfort and quality of life for patients.
When studying drugs, there are typical phases that the research must go through before it can be submitted for FDA approval.
Phase I trials: These first studies in people evaluate how a new drug should be given (by mouth, injected into the blood, or injected into the muscle), how often, and what dose is safe. A phase I trial usually enrolls only a small number of patients, sometimes as few as a dozen.
Phase II trials: A phase II trial continues to test the safety of the drug, and begins to evaluate how well the new drug works. Phase II studies usually focus on a particular type of disease.
Phase III trials: These studies in patients test a new drug, a new combination of drugs, or a new surgical procedure in comparison to the current standard. A participant will usually be assigned to the standard group or the new group at random. Phase III trials often enroll large numbers of people and may be conducted at many doctors' offices, clinics, and cancer centers nationwide.
Double blinded studies mean that neither the patient nor the physician knows which treatment or drug the patient is receiving.
Valid studies use statistics to determine the confidence levels and any and all biases should be eliminated if possible.
There is no perfect study and it is rare that you find a published study that does not support the premise on which it was based.
Labels: study
posted by Anonymous at 6:08 AM
7 Comments:
"...it is rare that you find a published study that does not support the premise on which it was based."
Of course, biblical scholarship is never biased and is willing to go wherever the evidence leads.
there are biases in everything.
Christians will at least acknowledge a supernatural realm and not be held captive by naturalism and post-modernism
True, they are only held captive by their mythology.
Well said unapologetically,
They tout science, but completely ignore the laws of thermodynamics when it comes to explaining how things came into existence.
Let's see:
Nothing...nothing..."poof"... everything (now we have planets, stars, moons, suns and not only that, we have a planet with the perfect distance, the perfect tilt of it's axis, the perfect rotation, the perfect spin, the perfect concentration of oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen etc. all from chance)
Then:
No life...No life..."poof"... Life
(some supposedly single cell organism that somehow over billions of years "mutates" into every plant and animal species known)
The mathematical probability of all this occuring and contradicting all the "laws" we do know with certainty is astronomically high.
Science is never capable of proving the non-existence of anything and therefore can never accurately claim God does not exist.
If truth is really the object of the scientific enterprise, scientists should welcome it from any source.
Science is not the only means of giving us true information about the world and the scientific methodology limits it significantly.
Based on everything we “know” with certainty the summary of the evolutionist/atheistic theory on the origin of life is as follows:
Beginning with an effectively unknown reaction mixture, under effectively unknown reaction conditions, reacting to give unknown products by unknown mechanisms we conclude that life began even though we can give no rational explanation for its existence.
This pretty much summarizes the extent of the progress evolutionists have made toward establishing a mechanistic, atheistic scenario for the origin of life after more than half a century of physical, chemical, and geological research. This again ignores the law of concervation and the law of decay which are two of the laws of thermodynamics.
Why do we have life rather than death after billions of years?
Why is there order rather than disorder?
If we evolved from apes, why are there still apes after billions of years?
I'll stick with my theory!!
THEORY??? You have only a BELIEF in one of many and highly varied creation myths. Real science doesn't say "poof" something suddenly exits. Science studies what it can and takes knowledge as far as it can with the tools it has at the moment. Once the volcano or the rains were viewed as events determined by the gods...until we learned more about the earth and its weather. Then we thought that the earth was the center of the universe and punished anyone who disagreed...until we had better tools and methods to be able to learn more about astronomy. Your "creation science" or whatever you want to call it is just the 21st century version of volcano worship--or putting your version of a supreme being at the edge of what is known. An educated doctor should have more understanding of history and mythology.
hey anonymous,
show me the "science" that confirms the beginning as you believe it to have happened.
I think HB's version of nothing.. nothing... poof is all you have.
You cannot supply any more evidence to the beginning than creationist can. It is all conjecture and faith.
Your faith just happens to be in naturalism as HB has stated before.
I believe "creationists" have the monopoly on the "poof" version of how things started. First there was just this mysterious supreme being and then "POOF" he made the heavens and earth and all the inhabitants appear in one six day (actual earth days, you know) period.
Real science never says it has the answers to the unknown--it just works to better understand the unknown rather than fall back on myths handed down in thousands of versions by primatives who assumed that a god (or gods) had to be the immediate cause of every act of nature that was not understood.
Believing that only a supreme being could explain all the unknown has been a losing proposition for centuries. As science has advanced, religious zealots have had to backtrack over and over as science proved their myths to be shaky if not absolutely untrue.
Believe that the universe is only a few thousand years old and that all the species were created at once if you like. I am sure that wallowing in ignorance can be a great comfort to the noninquisitive mind.
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